Trabzon, also called Trebizond, historically Trapezus, city, capital of Trabzon il (province), northeastern Turkey. About Trabzon; Accommodation Facilities; Getting Here and Around; Traditional Life and Handicraſts; Nature and Climate; The History of Trabzon; Trabzon’s Cuisine; FAQ; DESTINATIONS + SEASONS. I can unsubscribe any time using the unsubscribe link at the end of all emails. During the classical period the city at least had temples for Hermes (the god … Trabzonspor is one of the "4 big clubs"in Turkish football. Trabzon History. Trabzon became their capital and the princes titled themselves as … For centuries it was on one of the leading trade routes between Europe and Central Asia, and it prospered particularly after the 13th century, when it served as the chief port for Tabriz and western Iran. A lot of history … In 1582 the Trabzon - Batum state, whose capital was Trabzon, was established. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Aya Sofya (Hagia Sophia), Trabzon, Turkey. The city prospered under Roman rule until it was sacked by the Goths after their victory over the emperor Valerian’s forces about 257 ce. Lonely Planet. Through such means the influence of Byzantine types was exerted on the contemporary coinages of Armenia and elsewhere in…, In 1461 Trebizond, capital of the last remnant of Greek empire, which had maintained its precarious independence by paying court to Turks and Mongols alike, finally succumbed; the transformation of the Byzantine world into the Ottoman world was at last complete.…. This castle is situated in the Northwest of Turkey and dates back to the Byzantine Era when it was built with stone. Trapezus, one of the most easterly of ancient Greek settlements, was probably founded in 756 bce by colonists from Sinope (modern Sinop). The large variety of crops grown include tobacco, fruits, and hazelnuts. Only remnants of the past are left over. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. The city centre is enclosed on the east and west by walls that date from Byzantine times. Historical monuments include most of the city walls, a part of the palace of the Grand Comneni, and several Byzantine churches preserved as mosques. Updates? Even so, the Empire of Trebizond survived until the coming of the Ottomans in 1461, holding out for eight years longer than Constantinople. Historically known as Trapezus, Trebizond and Trapezunda by Greeks, the city of Trabzon in north-eastern Turkey boasts a rich Hellenic past. 2015. In the 18 th century, the family which held the eastern suburbs was particularly oppressive (Bryer 1969). During antiquity it was known as Trapezus. Trabzon is a coastal city so the cuisine is mainly based on fish dishes. This article tells the story from the foundation of the first clubs in the port city of Trabzon. we use cookies to improve your experience on our website. After the sack of Constantinople (now Istanbul) by the Crusaders in 1204, two grandsons of the emperor Andronicus I Comnenus escaped and founded an independent offshoot of the Byzantine Empire at Trapezus, with Prince Alexius Comnenus as emperor. In the 17th century the Russian Don Cossacks began to plunder the coasts of Black sea. In the 13th century, Trabzon and the surrounding areas started to fall under control of a new formation called the Komnenos Dynasty, which developed as a separate state of the Byzantium Empire. The city’s later revitalization has largely resulted from improvement in its port facilities and communications. Hagia Sophia was built in Trebizond during the reign of Manuel I between 1238 and 1263. Trabzon was the ancient capital of the Greek speaking Komnenos Byzantine Kingdom (1204–1461) within the Pontos—the northeast portion of Anatolia adjacent the Black Sea… It is linked by air with Ankara and by steamer service with Istanbul. 2018 The see of Trapezus was supposedly founded by St. Andrew the Apostle; Eugenius, its patron saint, was martyred under the Roman emperor Diocletian (reigned 284–305). borsa kuruculari. As the Byzantine port nearest to Armenia, lying on a critical frontier of the empire, the city was rebuilt and figured prominently in the eastern campaigns of the emperor Justinian I (reigned 527–565). Due to the castle built by former inhabitants which resembled a table and the stones shaped like a table found by miners for the purpose of establishing colonies there. History Of Trabzon. In the 9th century the city was made the capital of a new military province of Chaldia. Trabzon Hagia Sophia Museum: History in Trabzon - See 579 traveler reviews, 846 candid photos, and great deals for Trabzon, Turkey, at Tripadvisor. The Hagia Sophia church was turned into a mosque. Before the city was founded as a Greek colony the area was dominated by Colchian (Caucasian) and Chaldian (Anatolian) tribes. Trabzon become o Greek colony of some note during the … 1) Trabzon was controlled by the Russians between April 1916 and October 1917, i.e. Although subject to brief periods of domination by the neighbouring Seljuq Turks, Mongols, and Byzantines, the empire based at Trapezus was largely bypassed by both the Seljuqs and the Mongols because of its relative isolation, difficulties of access, and conflict among its enemies. When the Ottoman Empire was defeated after WWI, Trabzon’s many Greek residents sought to establish a Republic of Trebizond echoing the old Comneni Empire, but the Turks were ultimately victorious, and Atatürk himself declared Trabzon ‘one of the richest, strongest and most sensitive sources of trust for the Turkish Republic’. Prior to World War I, the vibrant Armenian community of Trabzon numbered 30,000. (2000) city, 214,949; province, 975,137; (2013 est.) by colonists from neighboring Sinop. History Trabzon’s recorded history begins around 746 BC, when Miletus colonists came from Sinop and founded a settlement, Trapezus, with an acropolis on the trápeza (table) of land above the harbour. Its prosperity lay partly in export of its own products—silver, iron, alum, cloth, and black wine—and partly from taxes on transit trade to western Iran. Trabzon Kalesi: Great history from the past - See 37 traveler reviews, 19 candid photos, and great deals for Trabzon, Turkey, at Tripadvisor. The end of the dynasty came when its territories were annexed to the Ottoman Empire in 1461. After Mehmed II … Omissions? It is possible that the settlement origins of Trabzon go back to these tribes. Trabzon is the site of the Black Sea Technical University, established in 1963. Among the churches the best preserved and most remarkable is the church Aya Sofya (Hagia Sophia), now used as a museum, which overlooks the sea just west of the city centre. The Hayasa, who had been in conflict with the Central-Anatolian Hittites in the 14th century BCE, are believed to have lived in the area south of Trabzon. It is not necessary to visit the site/sight if you have got few days only for the exploration of Trabzon. 2) The Russian Navy dominated the Black Sea and literally "blockaded" the Turkish ports … Founded by Greek traders from Miletus in the 8th century BC, Trabzon has been handballed down the years between Cimmerians, Medes, Hellenes, Byzantines and a succession of other peoples. The commercial quarter is centred around a bazaar and park in the eastern part of the city near the old Genoese castle of Leontocastron; east of this lies the harbour. … Its significance declined, however, with the construction of the Ankara-Erzurum railway about 1900 and the development of the southern Iranian port of Khorramshahr. The Trapezuntine rulers became skilful at balancing their alliances with the Seljuks, the Mongols, the Genoese and others. It was founded by Greeks in the 8th century BC and existed as a colony of Sinope. The city was founded in the 7th century B.C. history of trabzon . Eating out is relatively … Trabzon in more recent times. Prospering through trade with eastern Anatolia and Persia, the empire reached the height of its wealth and culture during the reign of Alexius II (1297–1330), after which it fell to pieces in factional disputes. No part of this site may be reproduced without our written permission. Trabzon … One of the most significant civilizations traced through the written sources is the Byzantine Greek Empire of Trebizund, which … Trabzon was the ancient capital of the Greek speaking Komnenos Byzantine Kingdom (1204–1461) within the Pontos—the northeast portion of Anatolia adjacent the Black Sea. 13. Although it has moved with the times, and in the city square a Burger King restaurant was extremely busy. You can Media in category "History of Trabzon" The following 69 files are in this category, out of 69 total. Trabzon has a rooted history of civilizations starting from the 9th century B.C. history of trabzon . (τράπεζα meant "table" in Ancient Greek; note the table on the coin in the figure.) Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Explore Trabzon holidays and discover the best time and places to visit. Trabzon has dozens of churches and mosques dating from the Byzantine period, the Empire of Trebizond and the Ottoman Empire. It is the second largest Turkish urban centre (after Samsun) on the Black Sea. Media in category "History of Trabzon" The following 69 files are in this category, out of 69 total. In Latin, Trabzon was called Trapezus, which is the latinization of the Ancient Greek Τραπεζοῦς (Trapezous), the first name of the city. It was later restored in the 6th century by General Belisarius at the request of the Emperor Justinian. History Trabzon’s recorded history begins around 746 BC, when Miletus colonists came from Sinop and founded a settlement, Trapezus, with an acropolis on the trápeza (table) of land above the harbour. During Ottoman times, Tara Bozan was also used. Trabzon, historically and socio-culturally the most important centre of Eastern Black Sea Region, has a history of approximately 5000 years. The city was founded in the 7th century B.C. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. | Founded by Greek traders from Miletus in the 8th century BC, Trabzon has been handballed down the years between Cimmerians, … The town did reasonably well for 2000 years, occupying itself with port activities, until the Christian soldiers of the Fourth Crusade seized and sacked Constantinople in 1204, forcing its noble families to seek refuge in Anatolia. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Trabzon-Turkey. The 3 parts of this fort are Upper … The Trabzon Football League (Turkish: Trabzon Futbol Ligi) was founded as a regional football league for Trabzon based clubs in 1922. update your settings In 1930, Trabzon’s share of the Persian transit trade had fallen to less than 4% compared to 53% before World War I (Aydemir and Aydemir 2007). The Walls of Trabzon (or the "Walls of Trebizond") are a series of defensive walls surrounding the old town of the city of Trabzon, northeastern Turkey.The fortifications are sometimes called the Trabzon Castle (Turkish: Trabzon … city, 243,735; province, 757,898. In Ottoman Turkish and Persian, it is written as طربزون. In 1582 the Trabzon - Batum state, whose capital was Trabzon, was established. Xenophon, who reached Trabzon in February, 400 B.C, states that Trabzon (Trapezus) was by the Black Sea (Pontus Eukseinos) and was a colony of Sinop set up in the land of the Kolkhs by the Hellenes. It lies on a wide bay on the southeastern shore of the Black Sea backed by high ranges of the Pontic Mountains, which separate it from the central Anatolian Plateau. Thereafter, Trabzon remained under Turkish rule except for a brief Russian occupation (1916–18) during World War I. Introduction. Trabzon province is well forested and densely populated. Contact Lonely Planet. The closest record of the population of Trabzon prior to the Ottoman conquest of Trabzon was by Pero Tafur who visited Trabzon in 1437–38. In August 1461, the Emperor of Trebizond, David Komnenos, surrendered Trabzon … by clicking the Privacy policy link at the bottom of the page. Trabzon is a town with over 300,000 people in northeast Turkey on the Black Sea coast (Figure 1). Today the city is named Trabzon as is the province it is located in. It was founded by Greeks in the 8th century BC and existed as a colony of Sinope… During antiquity it was known as Trapezus. Trabzon Castle lies in ruins. gallery; history of trabzon; social life; strategic location; touristic attractions; hazelnut cultivars; photo gallery. The capital city Trabzon was … I want emails from Lonely Planet with travel and product information, promotions, advertisements, third-party offers, and surveys. It is believed that the founders of the city came to Trabzon from Middle Asia by passing over the Caucasus. It is belived that the name Trabzon stems from the word “Trapezus”. Trabzon was settled by Greeks probably by the 7 th century BC (Tsetskhladze 1994 see Note 1), but there were indigenous people already living in the area. … In the period from 1924 to 1935, the winners of the Trabzon League qualified for the former Turkish Football Championship.In the following period from 1940 to 1951, the Trabzon … Somewhat louche, it's the most sophisticated city in the region, too caught up in its own whirl of activity to worry about what's … during most of the deportations. Pop. Trabzon is said to be the site on which the army called the Ten Thousand by the writer Xenophon, who was one of its members, reached the sea after its long march that followed defeat in 401 bce. Tags: Castle, Historical Site, Fort. It was in the 13th century that the monastery took its present-day form when it received monetary richness from the likes of Alexios III (1349-1390) of the Komnenian Empire of Trabzon (or Trebizond), an empire established in 1204. gallery; history of trabzon; social life; strategic location; touristic attractions; hazelnut cultivars; photo gallery. The Turkish name of the city is Trabzon. Formed in 1967 through a merger, Trabzonspor's history dates back to two of the clubs, the foundation year of İdmanocağı and İdmangücü. The heart of the city is on a triangle of tableland between two deep ravines, with remains of an ancient Roman-built harbour at its base. about trabzon Trabzon was founded in 2000 BC. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. History Of Trabzon. Remarkably attractive throughout its history, Trabzon was the subject of hundreds of travel books by western travellers, some of whom had named it "city of tale in the East." borsa kuruculari. Trabzon Museum: Trabzon history - See 108 traveler reviews, 238 candid photos, and great deals for Trabzon, Turkey, at Tripadvisor. The capital city Trabzon was founded, as Trapezus, by Greek colonists from Sinope, modern Sinop, Turkey.Starting from the 9th century BC, the city had also been mentioned by historians such as Homeros, Herodotus, Hesiodos. Castle of Trabzon is one of the impressive and memorable places of this city, despite of that there are only ruins preserved from the past. © Easy for visit and walking, located in the city. Trapezus, one of the most easterly of ancient Greek settlements, was probably founded in 756 bce by colonists from Sinope (modern Sinop ). Trabzon’s recorded history begins around 746 BC, when Miletus colonists came from Sinop and founded a settlement, Trapezus, with an acropolis on the trápeza (table) of land above the harbour. Like many other Black Sea sites, it is associated in legend with the Amazon women warriors. It is known that the architect was of Italian origin and many materials … It had turned back many invading armies through the years, except for the Goths, who captured and burned the city in the 3rd century A.D. Trabzon remained independent and free during the … History. At its southern end stands a ruined citadel. All rights reserved. Both in Pontic Greek and Modern Greek, it is called Τραπεζούντα (Trapezounta). Remarkably attractive throughout its history, Trabzon was the subject of hundreds of travel books by western travellers, some of whom had named it "city of tale in the East."